Types of Dredges

Dredging excavation is an essential process for various purposes, including construction, environmental restoration, and mining. Dredges are available in multiple types, each with its disadvantages and advantages. Here are the different types of dredges and how they operate.

Cutter Section Dredges

The most prevalent type of dredge is the cutter suction dredge. It uses a rotating cutter to loosen material at the bottom of the body of water before sucking up the material through a pipe. Cutter suction dredges are beneficial for various tasks, including dredging rivers, channels, and harbors. 

Bucket Dredges

Another common type of dredge is bucket dredge. They work by excavating materials from the bottom of bodies of water and dumping them into a barge or other types of vessels. They're helpful in dredging canals and other waterways.

Dragline Dredges

Another popular type is the dragline dredge. They operate by using a large bucket to scoop material from the bottom of water bodies. The material is then put on a conveyor belt or another system that takes it away. Dragline dredges are beneficial mainly in construction projects.

Dredging Purposes

Since dredging follows a process of extracting debris or sediment from a body of water, it's mainly used to eliminate residue that may damage coastal structures, buildings, and docks. It's also beneficial in creating new channels and deepening or widening existing channels.

Dredging is a crucial part of water maintenance and often goes hand in hand with other activities such as the construction of breakwaters or levees, beach nourishment, and dredging spoils. Debris and sediment can build up on the bottom of waterways, making it challenging for boats to navigate them. Dredging can take care of this issue by clearing channels and making them safe for navigation.

Dredging excavation is also beneficial in eliminating contaminants from drinking water sources. The bottom of rivers and lakes can contain contaminants, making drinking unsafe. Dredging eliminates these contaminants and ensures water is safe for usage. Debris and sediment at the bottom of bodies of water can make it challenging for construction projects, too. Dredging helps make room by clearing the area and readying it for a project.

The Dredging Process

The dredging process usually starts with surveying the waterway first. The survey usually entails collecting data on water depth, the type of sediment intended for removal, and the location of immersed obstructions. The dredging process is complicated, and specific extraction methods can vary depending on the type of dredge used, the type of sediment, and the waterway intended for dredging. Generally, however, the process entails four main steps.

1. Surveying the Waterway

Surveying the waterway is the first step in the dredging process. It's mainly done to determine the locations of obstacles, the channel's width, and the water's depth. This information is beneficial, as it helps plan the dredging process and determines the best way to remove the material.

2. Positioning the Dredge at the Starting Point

The next step in the dredging excavation process is positioning the dredge at the starting point. A crane or other lifting machine positions the dredge at the starting point and then lowers it into the body of water. Then, using a tugboat or another vessel, the dredge is towed to the starting point. 

3. Removing Sediment From the Bottom of the Waterway

The dredging excavation process also involves removing sediment from the bottom of waterways. It's accomplished by using a dredge, a floating platform equipped with a dragline, and removes the residue from the bottom of a channel. The dredge floats into position over the dredging area and uses a dragline to scoop sediment from the bottom. Trucks or barges are usually used to transport the dredged sediment to a disposal area.

4. Pumping the Sediment-Water Mixture Through a Pipeline

Pumping the sediment-water mixture through a pipeline is the last step in the dredging process. The pipeline is vital for transporting the mix from the dredging site to a treatment plan or another area. The pipeline should be strong to withstand the weight and pressure of the sediment. It should also twist and bend without difficulty.

Dredging is a lengthy and complex procedure requiring professional knowledge to succeed. It helps clear waterways and prevents structures from being damaged. Contact United Dredging today if you're looking for a reputable dredging service. We'll ensure to take precautionary measures and provide dependable dredging excavation services.